让雅思听力得高分就要巧用这些信号词

雅思听力里信号词是定位词，一般是名词性质的词和短语，还有数字年代人名特殊类的，而关键词每类题型都不一样了，关键词一般是动词或者形容词居多，这个要讲具体的题会比较明白。

雅思听力的每段录音平均为6-7分钟，大约为700-800单词，在比较冗长的语段中，说话人肯定会以重点探讨的话题作为语言全面展开的重点，所以对听力文稿中信号词的定位可以为我们解题起到一种很好的指导，可以让我们主动找答案地听，而不是被动地听。

1.转折信号词ContrastingSignals

but,onthecontrary,instead,however,inspiteof,bycontrast,while,despite,unfortunately,although,while,ontheotherhand,though,whereas,otherwise

例如：剑6Test2Section4

OnemajorproblemwiththefirstsystemwasthatC

A.onlyonepersoncouldbefilmed

B.peoplecouldonlyseeveryshortfilms

C.thecamerawasveryheavy

录音原文：Therewere,however,acoupleofproblemswiththesystem.Thecameraweighedover200kilogramsandonlyonepersonatatimecouldseethefilm.

分析：语意表示转折的信号词的出现往往提示说话人即将表达自己对某些事情的真实看法，在此之前的信息被转折之后的信息覆盖，在转折信号词之前的信息往往是语段中的干扰信息。

2.肯定强调信号词PositiveSignals

infact,actually,totellyouthetruth,indeed,tobefrank,thetruthisthat,must,certainly,itislikelythat…

例如：剑7Test4Section2

AreaFacilityActivity

TheMangrovesboardwalk18_________

录音原文：TheMangroveshavebeenmademoreaccessibletovisitorbytheboardwalkbuiltduringthepark’supgrade.You’dthinkthatpeoplewouldcomeheretolookattheunusualplantlifeofthearea,butinfactit’smoreoftenusedforcyclingandisverypopularwiththelocalclubs.

分析：说话人在表明观点的时候，往往会因为某些内容相对关键或重要，为了提示收听者特别重点的信息马上就要到来，多会使用一些肯定性质强烈或反复强调的表达方式，这时要优先注意强调信号词后面的信息，作为答案的可能性会比较大。

3.否定关系信号词NegativeSignals

no,not,none,never,neither,nor,seldom,scarcely,barely,ratherthan,insteadof,hardly,rarely,too…to,few,little,atnotime,bynomean

例如：剑8Test2Section4

Shonasaysthatinherquestionnaireheraimwas______.

A.togetawiderangeofdata

B.tolimitpeople’sresponses

C.toguidepeoplethroughinterviews

录音原文：Ispecificallywantedtodoaquestionnaire,interviewswithafocusgroup.Withthequestionnaire,ratherthanlimitingittoonespecificpoint,Iwantedtoincludeasmuchvarietyaspossible.

分析：在正确信息出现的同时，往往会伴随着干扰信息，所以听题时可以借助否定信号词来进行排除，以确保答案万无一失。

4.表示解释说明Explanation

Itsays/shows,themeaningisthat,whatImean/mention,thatistosay,inotherwords,Letmeputitthisway,itmeansthat,anotherwayofsaying,thepointisthat

例如：剑6Test1Section4

5th-10thcenturiesnewtechnologyallowedtheproductionofgoodsmadeof32______and______

录音原文：Thetechnologytheyintroducedmeantthatmetalandleathergoodswereproducedthereforthefirsttime.

分析：解释说明的信号词重点在于解释一些听者可能理解困难的内容，或者重复某重要的信息，当信息被反复解释或强调时，作为正确的答案的可能性会比较大，所以同学们要多加注意。

5.表示例证关系Illustration

Forinstance,Let’stake,Acaseinpoint,Forexample,Anexampleofthisis,Inthatcase,suppose,Suchas

例如：Accordingtothespeaker,GeorgeviewedRosewoodHouseas______.

A.arichsourceofmaterialforhisbooks

B.awaytoescapefromhiswork

C.atypicalbuildingoftheregion

录音原文：MovingtoRosewoodallowedthefamilytostartanewlife.GeorgeregardedRosewoodasapureexampleofatraditionalcountryhouseofthispartofEnglandanddidsomeofhismostsuccessfulwritinghere.

分析：例证信号词主要是用具体事例形象化地解释或阐述道理，当我们对说话人阐述的内容不理解时，就可以利用所提供的例子来帮助找答案。

6.表示因果关系CauseandEffect

Because,so,since,resultin,becauseof,as,thus,dueto,for,therefore,owingto,leadto,consequently,forthisreason,asaresultof,resultingfrom

例如：剑6Test2Section4

Longerfilmswerenotmadeatthetimebecauseofproblemsinvolving______

A.thesubjectmatter

B.thecamera

C.thefilmprojector

录音原文：Acontinuingproblematthetimewasthatthefilmshadatendencytobreakwhentheywerebeingplayedaproblemwhichwascausedbythetensionbetweenthetwowheels,orreelsastheyarecalled,whichholdthefilms.

分析：对于用为什么提问的题目，把握表示因果关系的信号词对于定位答案很关键。

7.表示序列关系SemanticMarkersforlisting

Firstly(first),tobeginwith,next,secondly(second),lastbutnotleast,What’smore,thirdly,finally,furthermore,Inthefirstplace,Foronething,also,mynextpointis,foranother,Inaddition

例如：剑5Test1Section4

AccordingtoGeorgeBernardShaw,menaresupposedtounderstand_____,economicsandfinance.However,womenaremorepreparedto______aboutthem.

录音原文：Backin1928theBritishwriterGeorgeBernardShawwroteinhisIntelligentWomen’sGuidetoSocialismandCapitalismthatAmanissupposedtounderstandpolitics,economicsandfinanceandisthereforeunwillingtoacceptessentialinstructions.Healsosaid,Awoman,havingfewerpretentions,isfarmorewillingtolearn.

分析：在很长的独白中，说话人一般都会很有条理地介绍或陈述一些事实和观点，表示序列的信号词可以帮助承上启下，帮助我们定位整个语段。

8.表示归纳关系Semanticmarkersforsummary

Tosummarize,Inshort,Itamountstothis,Sumup,Inbrief,Inaword,WhatIhavebeensayingisthis,Inconclusion,Onthewhole,Toconclude,Thus

例如：剑7Test3Section4

Whatistheimpactoftheoutsideenvironmentonahotelguest?

A.ithasaconsiderableeffect

B.ithasaverylimitedeffect

C.ithasnoeffectwhatsoever

录音原文：Andtheresearchconcludedthatwhatwasoutsidethehotelbuildingsimplydidn’tmatter.

分析：归纳信号词一般在录音结束时表示对某一方面的阐述，相当于对重点信息的再一次重复，所以能否捕捉到这类信号词是最后抓住答案信息的机会。