英语里如何称呼他人——正式称呼

In business situations, use formal titles unless the people you meet tell you otherwise. To get someone's attention you can say: "Excuse me, Sir" or "Pardon me, Madam/Ma'am." To greet someone you can say: "Hello Sir" or "Good morning, Madam/Ma'am."在商业场合，除非对方告诉你不需要用敬语，否则就得用正式称呼。当要引起别人注意时可以说"Excuse me, Sir"或者"Pardon me, Madam/Ma'am."；在同别人打招呼时可以说"Hello Sir"或者"Good morning, Madam/Ma'am."Here are the formal titles English speakers use:英语国家人常用的正式称呼：1. Sir (adult male of any age) Sir（任何年纪的成年男性）2. Ma'am (adult female - North American) Ma'am（成年女性——常用于北美）3. Madam (adult female) Ma'am（成年女性）4. Mr + last name (any man) Mr + 姓（任何男士）5. Mrs + last name (married woman who uses her husband's last name)Mrs + 姓（用丈夫姓的已婚女性）6. Ms + last name (married or unmarried woman; common in business) Ms + 姓（已婚、未婚女性皆可，常用于商业场合）7. Miss + last name (unmarried woman) Miss + 姓（未婚女性）8. Dr + last name (some doctors go by Dr + first name)Dr + 姓（也有一些医生是用“Dr + 名”称呼的）9. Professor + last name (in a university setting)Professor + 姓（用在大学里）

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The phrase "Yes, Sir!" (or "Yes, Madam/Ma'am!") is sometimes used by native speakers in a sarcastic way. For example when a young child tells his father to "close his newspaper" the parent might say, "Yes, sir!" and laugh. You might also hear a mother saying, "No Madam/Ma'am" to her daughter's request for something unreasonable."Yes, Sir!"和"Yes, Madam/Ma'am!"这两个表达有时会被英语国家的人用来表达讽刺的意味。比如一个小孩叫他父亲不要看报了，父亲也许会说"Yes, sir!"，然后大笑。你也可以听到母亲对提出无理要求的女儿说"No Madam/Ma'am"。